{"id":16280,"date":"2023-05-12T07:40:44","date_gmt":"2023-05-12T07:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prepbytes.com\/blog\/?p=16280"},"modified":"2023-05-12T07:40:44","modified_gmt":"2023-05-12T07:40:44","slug":"array-rotation-in-cpp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prepbytes.com\/blog\/array-rotation-in-cpp\/","title":{"rendered":"Array Rotation in C++"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/prepbytes-misc-images.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com\/assets\/1683877201674-Array%20rotation%20in%20C%2B%2B.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Array rotation is a common computer programming operation that involves shifting the elements of an array by a specified number of positions. This can be done in two ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rotate to the left.<\/li>\n<li>Rotate to the right.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What is Array Rotation in C++?<\/h2>\n<p>Array rotation is the process of rearranging the elements of an array by shifting them by a specified number of positions.<\/p>\n<h2>What is Left Rotation in C++?<\/h2>\n<p>The array elements are shifted to the left by a certain number of positions in left rotation, and the elements that &quot;fall off&quot; the left end of the array are added to the right end of the array. If we take an array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and rotate it by two positions, we get the array [3, 4, 5, 1, 2].<\/p>\n<h3>Algorithm for Rotation of an Array by D Positions to the Left<\/h3>\n<p>Let us now look at how to rotate the array by d positions to the left. The steps are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Make a d-dimensional temporary array.<\/li>\n<li>The first d elements of the original array are copied to the temporary array.<\/li>\n<li>Shift the remaining elements of the original array by d positions to the left.<\/li>\n<li>Add the temporary array elements to the right end of the original array.<\/li>\n<li>The array has been rotated to the left by d. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Pseudocode for Rotation of an Array by D Positions to the Left<\/h3>\n<pre><code>function rotate_array(arr, n, d):\n    temp <- new array of size d\n    for i from 0 to d-1:\n        temp[i] <- arr[i]\n    for i from d to n-1:\n        arr[i-d] <- arr[i]\n    for i from 0 to d-1:\n        arr[n-d+i] <- temp[i]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>C++ Code for Array Rotation by D Positions to the Left.<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t#tab_container_16112 {\r\n\toverflow:hidden;\r\n\tdisplay:block;\r\n\twidth:100%;\r\n\tborder:0px solid #ddd;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:30px;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .tab-content{\r\n\tpadding:20px;\r\n\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n\tmargin-top: 0px;\r\n\tbackground-color:#ffffff !important;\r\n\tcolor: #000000 !important;\r\n\tfont-size:16px !important;\r\n\tfont-family: Open Sans !important;\r\n\t\r\n\t\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n\t}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs {\r\n    border-bottom: 0px solid #ddd;\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a, #tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a:hover, #tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a:focus {\r\n\tcolor: #000000 !important;\r\n\tcursor: default;\r\n\tbackground-color: #ffffff !important;\r\n\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a {\r\n    margin-right: 0px !important; \r\n    line-height: 1.42857143 !important;\r\n    border: 1px solid #d5d5d5 !important;\r\n    border-radius: 0px 0px 0 0 !important; \r\n\tbackground-color: #e8e8e8 !important;\r\n\tcolor: #000000 !important;\r\n\tpadding: 15px 18px 15px 18px !important;\r\n\ttext-decoration: none !important;\r\n\tfont-size: 14px !important;\r\n\ttext-align:center !important;\r\n\tfont-family: Open Sans !important;\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a:focus {\r\noutline: 0px !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a:before {\r\n\tdisplay:none !important;\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a:after {\r\n\tdisplay:none !important ;\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li{\r\npadding:0px !important ;\r\nmargin:0px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a:hover , #tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a:focus {\r\n    color: #000000 !important;\r\n    background-color: #e8e8e8 !important;\r\n\tborder: 1px solid #d5d5d5 !important;\r\n\t\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a .fa{\r\n\r\nmargin-right:5px !important;\r\n\r\nmargin-left:5px !important;\r\n\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs a{\r\n\t\t\tbackground-image: none;\r\n\t\t\tbackground-position: 0 0;\r\n\t\t\tbackground-repeat: repeat-x;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li {\r\n    float: left;\r\n    margin-bottom: -1px !important;\r\n\tmargin-right:0px !important; \r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16112 .tab-content{\r\noverflow:hidden !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n@media (min-width: 769px) {\r\n\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li{\r\n\t\tfloat:left !important ;\r\n\t\t\t\tmargin-right:-1px !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs{\r\n\t\tfloat:none !important;\r\n\t\tmargin:0px !important;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li {\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t}\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav{\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li {\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t}\r\n\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav{\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\r\n\t.wpsm_nav-tabs li:before{\r\n\t\tdisplay:none !important;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t@media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t.wpsm_nav-tabs{\r\n\t\t\tmargin-left:0px !important;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-right:0px !important; \r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t#tab_container_16112 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li{\r\n\t\t\tfloat:none !important;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t}\t\t\t\t<\/style>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"tab_container_16112\" >\r\n\t \r\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"wpsm_nav wpsm_nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\" id=\"myTab_16112\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\"  class=\"active\"  onclick=\"do_resize()\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#tabs_desc_16112_1\" aria-controls=\"tabs_desc_16112_1\" role=\"tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fa fa-code\"><\/i> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>C++<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/ul>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t  <!-- Tab panes -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t  <div class=\"tab-content\" id=\"tab-content_16112\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <div role=\"tabpanel\" class=\"tab-pane  in active \" id=\"tabs_desc_16112_1\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\r\nusing namespace std;\r\n\r\nvoid rotate_array_left(int arr[], int n, int d) {\r\n    d = d % n; \/\/ adjust d if it's greater than n\r\n    int temp[d];\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; d; i++) {\r\n        temp[i] = arr[i];\r\n    }\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; n - d; i++) {\r\n        arr[i] = arr[i + d];\r\n    }\r\n    for(int i = n - d; i &lt; n; i++) {\r\n        arr[i] = temp[i - n + d];\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\r\n    int n = 5;\r\n    int d = 2;\r\n    rotate_array_left(arr, n, d);\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\r\n        cout &lt;&lt; arr[i] &lt;&lt; \" \";\r\n    }\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t \r\n\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n <script>\r\n\t\tjQuery(function () {\r\n\t\t\tjQuery('#myTab_16112 a:first').tab('show')\r\n\t\t});\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\tjQuery(function(){\r\n\t\t\tvar b=\"fadeIn\";\r\n\t\t\tvar c;\r\n\t\t\tvar a;\r\n\t\t\td(jQuery(\"#myTab_16112 a\"),jQuery(\"#tab-content_16112\"));function d(e,f,g){\r\n\t\t\t\te.click(function(i){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ti.preventDefault();\r\n\t\t\t\t\tjQuery(this).tab(\"show\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\tvar h=jQuery(this).data(\"easein\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(c){c.removeClass(a);}\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(h){f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+h);a=h;}\r\n\t\t\t\t\telse{if(g){f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+g);a=g;}else{f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+b);a=b;}}c=f.find(\"div.active\");\r\n\t\t\t\t});\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t});\r\n\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction do_resize(){\r\n\r\n\t\t\tvar width=jQuery( '.tab-content .tab-pane iframe' ).width();\r\n\t\t\tvar height=jQuery( '.tab-content .tab-pane iframe' ).height();\r\n\r\n\t\t\tvar toggleSize = true;\r\n\t\t\tjQuery('iframe').animate({\r\n\t\t\t    width: toggleSize ? width : 640,\r\n\t\t\t    height: toggleSize ? height : 360\r\n\t\t\t  }, 250);\r\n\r\n\t\t\t  toggleSize = !toggleSize;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\r\n\t<\/script>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\n<p><strong>Output :<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>Original Array : 1 2 3 4 5\nNew Array : 3 4 5 1 2<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>What is Right Rotation in C++?<\/h2>\n<p>The elements of the array are shifted to the right by a specified number of positions in right rotation, and the elements that &quot;fall off&quot; the right end of the array are added to the left end of the array.<br \/>\nIf we take an array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and rotate it by two positions, we get the array [4, 5, 1, 2, 3].<\/p>\n<h3>Algorithm for Rotation of an Array by D Positions to the Right<\/h3>\n<p>Now consider how to rotate the array d positions to the right. The steps are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Determine the number of effective rotations k = d mod n, where n is the length of the array. This is due to the fact that d rotations are equivalent to k rotations if d is greater than or equal to n.<\/li>\n<li>Reverse the first n-k elements of the array.<\/li>\n<li>Reverse the last k array elements.<\/li>\n<li>Turn the entire array around.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Pseudocode for Rotation of an Array by D Positions to the Right<\/h3>\n<pre><code>function rotate_array_right(arr, n, d):\n    d <- d % n  \/\/ Adjust d if it's greater than n\n    reverse_array(arr, n - d, n - 1)\n    reverse_array(arr, 0, n - d - 1)\n    reverse_array(arr, 0, n - 1)\n\nfunction reverse_array(arr, start, end):\n    while start < end:\n        temp <- arr[start]\n        arr[start] <- arr[end]\n        arr[end] <- temp\n        start <- start + 1\n        end <- end - 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>C++ Code for Array Rotation by D Positions to the Right.<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t#tab_container_16113 {\r\n\toverflow:hidden;\r\n\tdisplay:block;\r\n\twidth:100%;\r\n\tborder:0px solid #ddd;\r\n\tmargin-bottom:30px;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16113 .tab-content{\r\n\tpadding:20px;\r\n\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n\tmargin-top: 0px;\r\n\tbackground-color:#ffffff !important;\r\n\tcolor: #000000 !important;\r\n\tfont-size:16px !important;\r\n\tfont-family: Open Sans !important;\r\n\t\r\n\t\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n\t}\r\n#tab_container_16113 .wpsm_nav-tabs {\r\n    border-bottom: 0px solid #ddd;\r\n}\r\n#tab_container_16113 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a, #tab_container_16113 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a:hover, #tab_container_16113 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li.active > a:focus {\r\n\tcolor: #000000 !important;\r\n\tcursor: default;\r\n\tbackground-color: #ffffff !important;\r\n\tborder: 1px solid #e6e6e6 !important;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#tab_container_16113 .wpsm_nav-tabs > li > a {\r\n    margin-right: 0px !important; 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\/\/ adjust d if it's greater than n\r\n    int temp[d];\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; d; i++) {\r\n        temp[i] = arr[n - d + i];\r\n    }\r\n    for(int i = n - 1; i &gt;= d; i--) {\r\n        arr[i] = arr[i - d];\r\n    }\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; d; i++) {\r\n        arr[i] = temp[i];\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\r\n    int n = 5;\r\n    int d = 2;\r\n    rotate_array_right(arr, n, d);\r\n    for(int i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) {\r\n        cout &lt;&lt; arr[i] &lt;&lt; \" \";\r\n    }\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t \r\n\t\t\t\t <\/div>\r\n <script>\r\n\t\tjQuery(function () {\r\n\t\t\tjQuery('#myTab_16113 a:first').tab('show')\r\n\t\t});\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\tjQuery(function(){\r\n\t\t\tvar b=\"fadeIn\";\r\n\t\t\tvar c;\r\n\t\t\tvar a;\r\n\t\t\td(jQuery(\"#myTab_16113 a\"),jQuery(\"#tab-content_16113\"));function d(e,f,g){\r\n\t\t\t\te.click(function(i){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ti.preventDefault();\r\n\t\t\t\t\tjQuery(this).tab(\"show\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\tvar h=jQuery(this).data(\"easein\");\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(c){c.removeClass(a);}\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(h){f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+h);a=h;}\r\n\t\t\t\t\telse{if(g){f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+g);a=g;}else{f.find(\"div.active\").addClass(\"animated \"+b);a=b;}}c=f.find(\"div.active\");\r\n\t\t\t\t});\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t});\r\n\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\tfunction do_resize(){\r\n\r\n\t\t\tvar width=jQuery( '.tab-content .tab-pane iframe' ).width();\r\n\t\t\tvar height=jQuery( '.tab-content .tab-pane iframe' ).height();\r\n\r\n\t\t\tvar toggleSize = true;\r\n\t\t\tjQuery('iframe').animate({\r\n\t\t\t    width: toggleSize ? width : 640,\r\n\t\t\t    height: toggleSize ? height : 360\r\n\t\t\t  }, 250);\r\n\r\n\t\t\t  toggleSize = !toggleSize;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\r\n\r\n\t<\/script>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\n<p><strong>Output :<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code>Original Array : 1 2 3 4 5\nNew Array : 4 5 1 2 3 <\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><br \/>\nThe concept of array rotation in computer programming is explained in this article, which involves shifting the elements of an array by a specified number of positions. It goes over two array rotation methods: left and right rotation.  The article includes algorithms and pseudocode for both types of rotation, as well as C++ code examples for each.<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Q1. How do I rotate an array left in C++?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong> The array can be left rotated by shifting its elements to a position before them, which is done by looping through the array and performing the operation arr[j] = arr[j+1]. The first element of the array will be added to the last element of the rotated array.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q2. What's a rotated array?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong> Array rotation is simply the movement of array elements to the left or right of the array by specified positions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q3. What is the left and right rotation of an array in C++?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong> If all of the selected elements were moved to the right by one position, the array is said to be right rotated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q4. Which algorithm is used to rotate an array?<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong> The block swap algorithm is used to perfectly rotate arrays.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Array rotation is a common computer programming operation that involves shifting the elements of an array by a specified number of positions. This can be done in two ways: Rotate to the left. Rotate to the right. What is Array Rotation in C++? Array rotation is the process of rearranging the elements of an array [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cpp-programming"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Array Rotation in C++<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Array rotation in C++ is a common computer programming operation that involves shifting the elements of an array by a specified number of positions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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