{"id":10876,"date":"2022-12-02T05:54:33","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T05:54:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prepbytes.com\/blog\/?p=10876"},"modified":"2023-04-13T10:48:11","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T10:48:11","slug":"oops-concepts-in-c-with-examples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prepbytes.com\/blog\/oops-concepts-in-c-with-examples\/","title":{"rendered":"OOPS Concepts in C++ with Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

OOPs concepts in C++ are based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and methods that operate on that data.<\/p>\n

In this article, we will discuss the OOPS concepts in C++. We will discuss what is OOPS, what classes and objects in OOPS are, and the 4 pillars of OOPS in C++. So, let\u2019s get started by learning what is Object-Oriented Programming.<\/p>\n

What is OOPS?<\/h2>\n

The programming paradigm known as "Object-Oriented Programming" works with objects and classes. In a subsequent section of this article, we will talk about objects and classes. For the time being, we can state that object-oriented programming is a style of programming that, by emphasizing real-world elements (called objects), greatly simplifies programming.<\/p>\n

Object-Oriented Programming has 4 main Pillars. They are as follows.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Inheritance<\/li>\n
  2. Polymorphism<\/li>\n
  3. Abstraction<\/li>\n
  4. Encapsulation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    We will study the implementation of each of these OOPS pillars in C++ in great detail in further sections. First, let us start by studying what are classes and objects.<\/p>\n

    OOPS Concepts in C++ with Examples<\/h2>\n

    First, let us start by studying what are classes and objects.<\/p>\n

    Objects<\/h3>\n

    An object is an instance of a Class. This is the formal definition of an Object. However, let us talk about the actual meaning of an object first as we don\u2019t know what a Class is for now. An object is a real-world entity. It has states i.e. its properties and behaviors i.e. its functions. <\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    We could claim, for example, that a car is an object. This is due to the states (properties) that it will have, such as the model name, brand name, color, and type (SUV or Sidan, etc.). Additionally, it will perform actions like speeding up (a car can speed up), braking (when stopping), etc.<\/p>\n

    A pen is yet another example of an object. It has states describing its color, brand, etc. It has functions like writing, scribbling, etc.<\/p>\n

    Classes<\/h3>\n

    A Class is a blueprint of an Object.<\/strong> It will tell us what properties an object will have and what functions it can perform. However, the values of those properties can vary from object to object. For instance, a Car is a class that may have properties like color, brand name, model name, etc. Now, there can be a car whose name is \u201cSwift\u201d whose brand name is \u201cMaruti Suzuki\u201d and whose color is \u201cGrey\u201d. Also, there can be another car whose model name is \u201cPolo\u201d and the brand name is \u201cVolkswagen\u201d and whose color is \u201cRed.\u201d<\/p>\n

    A Class is a collection of properties (or states, like size, color, etc.) and behavior (or functions, like writing, reading, walking, talking, etc.).<\/p>\n

    The different objects have varying values for these attributes, and all of them or some of them carry out some or all of the functions listed in a class. <\/p>\n

    Now that we know what Classes and Objects are, let us now create a Class and its Objects.<\/p>\n

    How to Create a Class and its Objects in C++<\/h3>\n

    Consider the program shown below.<\/p>\n

    Class and Object Example Program<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t